Strong measures for national defense were taken, which stopped little short of war.

The country rallied to the slogan, "Millions for defense but not one cent for tribute," and the merchants of the seaports hastened to subscribe funds to build frigates to be loaned to the Government.

Salem launched the famous Essex, ready for sea six months after the keel was laid, at a cost of $75,000.

Her two foremost merchants, Elias Hasket Derby and William Gray, led the list with ten thousand dollars each.

The call sent out by the master builder, Enos Briggs, rings with thrilling effect: "To Sons of Freedom! All true lovers of Liberty of your Country! Step forth and give your assistance in building the frigate to oppose French insolence and piracy.