We have seen him issuing an edict that every house in the Romagna should furnish him one man-at-arms to serve him when necessary.

The men so levied were under obligation to repair to the market-place of their native town when summoned thither by the ringing of the bells, and it was estimated that this method of conscription would yield him six or seven thousand men, who could be mobilized in a couple of days.

He increased the number of arquebusiers, appreciating the power and value of a weapon which--although invented nearly a century earlier--was still regarded with suspicion.

He was also the inventor of the military uniform, putting his soldiers into a livery of his own, and causing his men-at-arms to wear over their armour a smock, quartered red and yellow with the name CESARE lettered on the breast and back, whilst the gentlemen of his guard wore surcoats of his colours in gold brocade and crimson velvet.
He continued to levy troops and to arm them, and it is scarcely over-stating the case to say that hardly a tyrant of the Romagna would have dared to do so much for fear of the weapons being turned against himself.

Cesare knew no such fear.