The principal corn country lies around Rio Grande, in the latitude of 32 deg south, where wheat flourishes so luxuriantly, as to yield from seventy to eighty bushels for one.

Coffee also, which they formerly received from Portugal, now grows in such plenty as to enable them to export considerable quantities of it.

But the staple commodity of the country is sugar.

That they have not, however, learnt the art of making palatable rum, the English troops in New South Wales can bear testimony; a large quantity, very ill flavoured, having been bought and shipped here for the use of the garrison of Port Jackson.
It was in 1771 that St.Salvador, which had for more than a century been the capital of Brazil, ceased to be so; and that the seat of Government was removed to St.Sebastian.The change took place on account of the colonial war, at that time carried on by the Courts of Lisbon and Madrid.

And, indeed, were the object of security alone to determine the seat of Government, I know but few places better situated in that respect than the one I am describing; the natural strength of the country, joined to the difficulties which would attend an attack on the fortifications, being such as to render it very formidable.
It may be presumed that the Portuguese Government is well apprized of this circumstance and of the little risque they run in being deprived of so important a possession, else it will not be easy to penetrate the reasons which induce them to treat the troops who compose the garrison with such cruel negligence.