xix.); consequently, while dependent on hope, he fears for the issue.

Contrariwise he, who fears, in other words doubts, concerning the issue of something which he hates, also conceives something which excludes the existence of the thing in question; to this extent he feels pleasure, and consequently to this extent he hopes that it will turn out as he desires (III.

xx.).
XIV.

Confidence is pleasure arising from the idea of something past or future, wherefrom all cause of doubt has been removed.
XV.

Despair is pain arising from the idea of something past or future, wherefrom all cause of doubt has been removed.
Explanation--Thus confidence springs from hope, and despair from fear, when all cause for doubt as to the issue of an event has been removed: this comes to pass, because man conceives something past or future as present and regards it as such, or else because he conceives other things, which exclude the existence of the causes of his doubt.