He ridiculed the optimistic ideals of comfortable, well-regulated states.

His views on historical development have been collected by G.Sparlinsky, Schopenhauers Verhaltnis zur Geschichte, in Berner Studien s.

Philosophie, Bd.lxxii.

(1910).] 4.
Kant's considerations on historical development are an appendix to his philosophy; they are not a necessary part, wrought into the woof of his system.

It was otherwise with his successors the Idealists, for whom his system was the point of departure, though they rejected its essential feature, the limitation of human thought.