They had been put to great trouble and expense already in their campaigning and subsequent fortification of important places in the duchies.

They had seen the bitter spirit manifested by the Spaniards in the demolition of the churches and houses of Mulheim and other places.

"While the affair remained in its present terms of utter uncertainty their Mightinesses," said the States-General, "find it most objectionable to forsake the places which they have been fortifying and to leave the duchies and all their fellow-religionists, besides the rights of the possessory princes a prey to those who have been hankering for the territories for long years, and who would unquestionably be able to make themselves absolute masters of all within a very few days." A few months later Carleton came before the States-General again and delivered another elaborate oration, duly furnished to him by the King, upon the necessity of the National Synod, the comparative merits of Arminianism and Contra-Remonstrantism, together with a full exposition of the constitutions of the Netherlands.
It might be supposed that Barneveld and Grotius and Hoogerbeets knew something of the law and history of their country.
But James knew much better, and so his envoy endeavoured to convince his audience.
He received on the spot a temperate but conclusive reply from the delegates of Holland.

They informed him that the war with Spain--the cause of the Utrecht Union--was not begun about religion but on account of the violation of liberties, chartered rights and privileges, not the least of which rights was that of each province to regulate religious matters within its borders.
A little later a more vehement reply was published anonymously in the shape of a pamphlet called 'The Balance,' which much angered the Ambassador and goaded his master almost to frenzy.

It was deemed so blasphemous, so insulting to the Majesty of England, so entirely seditious, that James, not satisfied with inditing a rejoinder, insisted through Carleton that a reward should be offered by the States for the detection of the author, in order that he might be condignly punished.
This was done by a majority vote, 1000 florins being offered for the discovery of the author and 600 for that of the printer.
Naturally the step was opposed in the States-General; two deputies in particular making themselves conspicuous.