Not in law.

A court of law must decide according to the evidence which is before it; and that evidence is of the nature of sworn testimony.

If a witness is prepared to swear that black is white, and no evidence to the contrary is offered, the evidence before the Court is that black is white, and the Court must decide accordingly.
The judge and the jury may think otherwise--they may even have private knowledge to the contrary--but they have to decide according to the evidence." "Do you mean to say that a judge would be justified in giving a decision which he knew privately to be contrary to the facts?
Or that he might sentence a man whom he knew to be innocent ?" "Certainly.

It has been done.

There is a case of a judge who sentenced a man to death and allowed the execution to take place, notwithstanding that he--the judge--had actually seen the murder committed by another man.