Besides, Caesar answered innumerable demands of honourable liberality, and put into circulation immense sums for building more especially, which had been shamefully neglected during the financial distress of the last times of the republic--the cost of his buildings executed partly during the Gallic campaigns, partly afterwards, in the capital was reckoned at 160,000,000 sesterces (1,600,000 pounds).

The general result of the financial administration of Caesar is expressed in the fact that, while by sagacious and energetic reforms and by a right combination of economy and liberality he amply and fully met all equitable claims, nevertheless already in March 710 there lay in the public treasury 700,000,000 and in his own 100,000,000 sesterces (together 8,000,000 pounds)--a sum which exceeded by tenfold the amount of cash in the treasury in the most flourishing times of the republic.( 43) Social Condition of the Nation But the task of breaking up the old parties and furnishing the new commonwealth with an appropriate constitution, an efficient army, and well-ordered finances, difficult as it was, was not the most difficult part of Caesar's work.

If the Italian nation was really to be regenerated, it required a reorganization which should transform all parts of the great empire--Rome, Italy, and the provinces.

Let us endeavour here also to delineate the old state of things, as well as the beginnings of a new and more tolerable time.
The Capital The good stock of the Latin nation had long since wholly disappeared from Rome.

It is implied in the very nature of the case, that a capital loses its municipal and even its national stamp more quickly than any subordinate community.