And it is usual also for the Under-secretaries to be members of the House to which the Chief-secretaries do not belong, though this rule is not invariably observed.] [Footnote 76: "Parliamentary History," xxiii., 163.] [Footnote 77: The divisions were: 224 to 208, and 207 to 190.] [Footnote 78: Lord Stanhope, quoting from an unpublished "Life of Lord Barrington," compiled by the Bishop of Durham (meaning, I suppose, Bishop Shute Barrington) .-- _History of England_, v., 174.] [Footnote 79: Even with the first flush of triumph, the night after the second defeat of Lord Shelburne in the House of Commons, Fox's great friend, Mr.Fitzpatrick, writes to his brother, Lord Ossory: "To the administration it is _cila mors_, but not _victoria loeta_ to us.

The apparent juncture with Lord North is universally cried out against."-- Lord J.Russell's _Memorials and Correspondence of C.J.

Fox_, ii., 18.] [Footnote 80: Lord J.Russell's "Memorials and Correspondence of C.J.
Fox," ii., 90.] [Footnote 81: _Ibid_., p.

118.] [Footnote 82: In one division (161 to 137) they had only a majority of twenty-four.] [Footnote 83: In a letter to Lord Northington (Lord-lieutenant of Ireland), dated July 17, Fox himself mentions that not one of his colleagues, except the Duke of Portland and Lord Keppel (First Lord of the Admiralty), approved of it .-- _Memoirs of Fox_, ii., 116.] [Footnote 84: November 22 he writes to the Duke of Rutland: "The bill ...

is, I really think, the boldest and most unconstitutional measure ever attempted, transferring at one stroke, in spite of all charters and compacts, the immense patronage and influence of the East to Charles Fox, in or out of office."-- Stanhope's _Life of Pitt_, i., 140.] [Footnote 85: The whole paper is given by the Duke of Buckingham, "Courts and Cabinets of George III," i., 288, and quoted by Lord Russell in his "Memorials and Correspondence of C.J.