We are both provided with this instrument of torture--a thick plaited thong about five feet long, attached to a short thick wooden handle, and terminating in a flat leathern cracker of eight or ten inches.

A cut from this would make an English horse jump out of his skin, but had little or no effect on the tough hides of our "chapar" ponies.

The snow is almost up to the knees of the latter as we labour through the gateway and into the narrow street.

Where will it be on the Kharzan Pass?
Resht is picturesquely situated.

It must be a lovely place in summer-time, when fertile plains of maize, barley, and tobacco stretch away on every side, bounded by belts of dark green forest and chains of low well-wooded hills, while the post-road leads for miles through groves of mulberry trees, apple orchards, and garden-girt villas, half hidden by roses and jasmine.