of Spain and of Charles IX.

of France shortly supplied England with the population of which she stood in need--active, industrious, intelligent artizans.

Philip set up the Inquisition in Flanders, and in a few years more than 50,000 persons were deliberately murdered.

The Duchess of Parma, writing to Philip II.
in 1567, informed him that in a few days above 100,000 men had already left the country with their money and goods, and that more were following every day.

They fled to Germany, to Holland, and above all to England, which they hailed as Asylum Christi.