[12] [Footnote 10: See Horsley's Britannia Romana, l.i.c.10.

Note: Agricola fortified the line from Dumbarton to Edinburgh, consequently within Scotland.

The emperor Hadrian, during his residence in Britain, about the year 121, caused a rampart of earth to be raised between Newcastle and Carlisle.

Antoninus Pius, having gained new victories over the Caledonians, by the ability of his general, Lollius, Urbicus, caused a new rampart of earth to be constructed between Edinburgh and Dumbarton.

Lastly, Septimius Severus caused a wall of stone to be built parallel to the rampart of Hadrian, and on the same locality.