He set to work immediately at S.Miniato, strengthening the bastions, and turning the church-tower into a station for sharpshooters.

Florence by this time had lost all her territory except a few strong places, Pisa, Livorno, Arezzo, Empoli, Volterra.

The Emperor Charles V.signed her liberties away to Clement by the peace of Barcelona (June 20,1529), and the Republic was now destined to be the appanage of his illegitimate daughter in marriage with the bastard Alessandro de' Medici.

It only remained for the army of the Prince of Orange to reduce the city.

When Michelangelo arrived, the Imperial troops were leaguered on the heights above the town.