Nor was the Frank content with these vain and empty demonstrations of respect.

In the twenty-six years that elapsed between the conquest of Lombardy and his Imperial coronation, Rome, which had been delivered by the sword, was subject, as his own, to the sceptre of Charlemagne.

The people swore allegiance to his person and family: in his name money was coined, and justice was administered; and the election of the popes was examined and confirmed by his authority.

Except an original and self-inherent claim of sovereignty, there was not any prerogative remaining, which the title of emperor could add to the patrician of Rome.

[61] [Footnote 58: For the title and powers of patrician of Rome, see Ducange, (Gloss.Latin.tom.v.p.