But the more active impulse seems to have commenced in 1830, at which time the population was under 7000, since which date it has so rapidly increased, that in 1852 its population was bordering on 100,000.

The natives of the United States form about one-half of the community, and those of Germany one-fourth; the remainder are chiefly Irish.

There are twenty newspapers, of which four are published in German.

There are forty churches, one-fourth of which are Roman Catholic, and a liberal provision is made for education; the material prosperity of this thriving community is evidenced by the fact, that the annual value of the produce of their manufacturing-establishments exceeds 3,000,000l.; flour-mills, sugar refineries, and carpenters, contributing more largely than other occupations; after which come the tailors, thanks probably to the Germans, who appear to have a strong predilection for this trade, at which there are more hands employed than at any other.
FOOTNOTES: [Footnote M: Messrs.

Wallis and Whitworth, in their Report on the Industry of the United States, remark at Chapter V.--"In no branch of manufacture does the application of labour-saving machinery produce, by simple means, more important results than in the working of wood."] [Footnote N: Since my return to England, I have seen it asserted, by a correspondent in the _Morning Chronicle_, that Colonel Crogan, of Louisville, purchased this cave for 2000l., and that, shortly after, he was offered 20,000l.