In the smaller and older forests of Europe, tree surgery and doctoring are practised widely.

Wounds are treated and cured and the trees are pruned and sprayed at regular intervals.

In our extensive woods such practices are too expensive.

All the foresters can do is to cut down the sick trees in order to save the ones that are sound.
There is a big difference between tree damages caused by forest insects and those caused by forest fungi and mistletoe.

The insects are always present in the forest.