It is this, namely: It excludes completely and effectually all manifestations of irritation or excitement in the infliction of punishment--all harsh tones of voice, all scowling or angry looks, all violent or threatening gesticulations, and every other mode, in fact, of expressing indignation or passion.

Such indications as these are wholly out of place in punishment considered as the _application of a remedy_ devised beneficently with the sole view of accomplishing a future good.

They comport only with punishment considered as vengeance, or a vindictive retribution for the past sin.
This idea is fundamental.

The mother who is made angry by the misconduct of her children, and punishes them in a passion, acts under the influence of a brute instinct.

Her family government is in principle the same as that of the lower animals over their young.