The King has the same right of bringing forward measures as the Chambers; a right which the President does not possess.

The King is represented in each assembly by his ministers, who explain his intentions, support his opinions, and maintain the principles of the Government.

The President and his ministers are alike excluded from Congress; so that his influence and his opinions can only penetrate indirectly into that great body.

The King of France is therefore on an equal footing with the legislature, which can no more act without him than he can without it.

The President exercises an authority inferior to, and depending upon, that of the legislature.
Even in the exercise of the executive power, properly so called--the point upon which his position seems to be most analogous to that of the King of France--the President labors under several causes of inferiority.