The two apostles of Friesland, St.Willfried and St.
Willibrod, especially the latter, had intimate relations with Pepin of Heristal, and received from him effectual support.

More than twenty bishoprics, amongst others those of Utrecht, Mayence, Ratisbonne, Worms, and Spire, were founded at this epoch; and one of those ardent pioneers of Christian civilization, the Irish bishop, St.Lievin, martyred in 656 near Ghent, of which he has remained the patron saint, wrote in verse to his friend Herbert, a little before his martyrdom, "I have seen a sun without rays, days without light, and nights without repose.

Around me rageth a people impious and clamorous for my blood.

O people, what harm have I done thee?
'Tis peace that I bring thee; wherefore declare war against me?
But thy barbarism will bring my triumph and give me the palm of martyrdom.

I know in whom I trust, and my hope shall not be confounded.