It would be impossible to touch here upon these difficult and delicate questions without going far beyond the limits imposed upon the writer of this history.

All that can be said is, that there was no lack of a religious spirit, or of a liberal spirit, in the Pragmatic Sanction of Charles VII., and that the majority of the measures contained in it were adopted with the approbation of the greater part of the French clergy, as well as of educated laymen in France.
In whatever light it is regarded, the government of Charles VII.

in the latter part of his reign brought him not only in France, but throughout Europe, a great deal of fame and power.

When he had driven the English out of his kingdom, he was called Charles the Victorious; and when he had introduced into the internal regulations of the state so many important and effective reforms, he was called Charles the Well-served.

"The sense he had by nature," says his historian Chastellain, "had been increased to twice as much again, in his straitened fortunes, by long constraint and perilous dangers, which sharpened his wits perforce." "He is the king of kings," was said of him by the Doge of Venice, Francis Foscari, a good judge of policy; "there is no doing without him." Nevertheless, at the close, so influential and so tranquil, of his reign, Charles VII.