At the time of surrender he had little more than a thousand men remaining out of a division six thousand strong.
Five thousand were killed, wounded, or had fled to the rear.
General Grant had taken no precautions against attack.

The vedettes were but a few hundred yards from our front, and we had no breast-works of any kind behind which to fight.

The newest and least reliable soldiers were at the point where the enemy would make his first appearance.

The positions of the various brigades and divisions were taken, more with reference to securing a good camping-ground, than for purposes of strategy.

General Grant showed himself a soldier in the management of the army after the battle began, and he has since achieved a reputation as the greatest warrior of the age.