Co-operating with them were the College Settlements Association and the Association of Collegiate Alumnae, which together established a scholar ship for the research.

This research was most ably conducted by Miss Frances Kellor, a Vassar graduate, and nine assistant workers, all of whom were college women.

The report of the investigation was published a year later in the volume "Out of Work."[1] This investigation by organizations of educated and expert women was the first survey ever made of domestic service _as an industry_, the first scientific study of domestic workers _as an industrial group_.

It was the first intelligent attempt to review housework as if it were a trade.
The most important conclusion of the investigators was that housework, domestic service, although carried on as a trade, is really no trade at all.

The domestic worker is no more a part of modern industry than the Italian woman who finishes "pants" in a tenement, or the child who stays from school to fasten hooks and eyes on paper cards.
Do not let us make a mistake concerning the underlying cause of the servant problem.