He then led me down to a smooth sand bar on the river and then, with a crooked stick, began to make a map in the sand.

First he made a long crooked mark, ten feet long or so, and pointing to the river to let me know that the mark in the sand was made to represent it.

He then made a straight mark across near the north end of the stream, and showed the other streams which came into the Green river which I saw at once was exactly correct.

Then he laid some small stones on each side of the cross mark, and making a small hoop of a willow twig, he rolled it in the mark he had made across the river, then flourished his stick as if he were driving oxen.

Thus he represented the emigrant road.