James is, by the same sagacious device, concealing a whisper which he is addressing to his next neighbor, and Moses is seeking amusement by crowding and elbowing the little boy who is unluckily standing next him.
"What a spectacle!" says the master to himself, as he looks at this sad display.

"What shall I do ?" The first impulse is to break forth upon them at once with all the artillery of reproof, and threatening, and punishment.

I have seen, in such a case, a scolding and frowning master walk up and down before such a class with a stern and angry air, commanding this one to stand back, and that one to come forward, ordering one boy to put down his book, and scolding at a second for having lost his place, and knocking the knees of another with his ruler because he was out of the line.

The boys scowl at their teacher, and, with ill-natured reluctance, they obey just enough to escape punishment.
Another teacher looks calmly at the scene, and says to himself, "What shall I do to remove effectually these evils?
If I can but interest the boys in reform, it will be far more easy to effect it than if I attempt to accomplish it by the mere exercise of my authority." In the mean time things go on during the reading in their own way.

The teacher simply _observes_.