But when he reached the crossing place of the Hudson, to his dismay he found a strong body of New Englanders with artillery on the opposite bank.

Gates had followed the retiring British, and soon Burgoyne was practically surrounded.

His men were starving, and on October 17 he surrendered.
[Sidenote: The Treaty of Alliance, 1778.] 153.

The French Alliance, 1778 .-- Burgoyne's defeat made the French think that the Americans would win their independence.

So Dr.Franklin, who was at Paris, was told that France would recognize the independence of the United States, would make treaties with the new nation, and give aid openly.