Now it was the Grand Duke _out_, and the bells rang, and a tree of liberty was planted close to the door of Casa Guidi; six weeks later it was the Grand Duke _in_, and the same bells rang, and the tree of liberty was pulled down.

The Pope is well-meaning but weak; and before long honorific epithets have to be denied him--he is merely a Pope; his prestige and power over souls is lost.

The liberal Grand Duke is transformed into a Duke decorated with Austrian titles.

As for France, Mrs Browning had long since learnt from the books she read with so much delight to feel a debt to the country of Balzac and George Sand.

She thought that the unrest and the eager hopes of the French Revolution, notwithstanding its errors, indicated at least the conception of a higher ideal than any known to the English people.
Browning did not possess an equal confidence in France; he did not accept her view that the French occupation of Rome was capable of justification; nor did he enter into her growing hero-worship--as yet far from its full development--of Louis Napoleon.