The ears were painted green, the other parts red and black.

The stern also rose about five feet in height, but had no figure carved on it.

On each side of both stem and stern broad strips of wood rose about four feet, having holes cut in them to shoot arrows through.

She had a high sprit-sail made of handkerchiefs and pieces of gunny-cloth or jute, forming irregular stripes, I am told these Indians commonly have pieces of squared timber, not unlike a three-inch plank, high and broad, perforated to shoot arrows through; this is fixed on the bow of the war canoe to serve as bulwarks in battle." Canoe voyages were mainly embarked on for trading; but in all probability before the coming of the European there was little trading done between one tribe and another, except in the region _west_ of the Rocky Mountains, in which--especially to the north--the Amerindians were so different in their habits and customs from those dwelling east of the mountains as to suggest that they must very occasionally have been in touch with some world outside America, such as Hawaii, Kamschatka, or Japan.

In these Pacific coastlands they used a white seashell as a currency and a medium of exchange.