The short stories of Harris Dickson portray the negro of the Mississippi towns.

The stories of Thomas Nelson Page and of Ruth McEnery Stuart should also be mentioned.

Owen Wister has drawn a striking picture of Charleston in _Lady Baltimore_ (1906), while Henry Sydnor Harrison in _Queed_ (1911) and his later stories has done something similar for Richmond.
INDEX Agricultural Wheel, 34 Agriculture, farmers' revolt, 31 _et seq._; farmer and the land, 60 _et seq._; county demonstrators, 75-77, 184; Farm Loan Act, 84; influence on labor, 116; economic future of South in, 198-99 Alabama, Conservative party in, 12; Kolb in, 37-38; Populist party, 42; suffrage amendments, 54-55; boys' corn club, 79; cotton mills, 97; iron industry, 101; mines, 102; bituminous coal, 102; school fund, 158 (note); Catholics in, 214; repudiation of debt, 227 American Tobacco Company, 103 Archer, William, _Through Afro-America_, quoted, 141 Arkansas, hill men of, 6; Agricultural Wheel in, 34; election (1896), 44; lumbering, 100; mixed schools, 161; industrialism, 193; migration to, 194; woman suffrage, 202; Catholics in, 214; repudiation of debt, 230-31 Atlanta (Ga.), Cotton Exposition (1881), 89 Aycock, C.B., Governor of North Carolina, 57 Badeau, General Adam, and expression "New South," 7 Baptist Church, 214, 215-16 Bayard, T.F., of Delaware, 28 Birmingham (Ala.), steel center, 101-02 Blair Bill, 27 Blease, C.L., of South Carolina, 122, 150 Boys' and girls' clubs, 76, 78-81 Brothers of Freedom, 34 Bryan, W.J., presidential nomination, 44 Buck.

S.J., _The Agrarian Crusade_, cited, 25 (note), 44 (note) Butler, Marion, of North Carolina, 43 Butler, M.C., of South Carolina, 13, 41 Calhoun, J.C., agricultural college founded on plantation of, 42 Carlisle, J.G., of Kentucky, 29 Carnegie Foundation and college standards, 189 Carolinas, differing economic conditions, 6; Scotch-Irish in, 6; _see also_ North Carolina, South Carolina Carpetbaggers' rule overthrown, 9, 12 Catholic Church, 214 Charleston (S.C.), party management in, 39; Tillman and, 40 Child labor, state restrictions, 97, 118; in cotton mills, 109, 114-15, 117; Federal Child Labor Act, 118 Civil service, Cleveland and, 29 Civil War, blockade as reason for South's defeat, 3; effect on South, 196 Cleveland, Grover, election (1884), 28; and the South, 29 "Cleveland Democracy," 40 Congregational Church, 216 (note) Congress, ex-Confederate soldiers in, 13, 26; negroes in, 20; reelection of Senators, 28; "Force Bill" (1890), 48; Southern representation, 200-01 _Congressional Record_, cited, 13 Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment, 22 Corn, price in South, 35; as crop in South, 64; boys' corn clubs, 78-79 Cotton, price and production, 35; favorite crop, 63, 197; mills, 88-98, 108-21, 195; cottonseed products, 99-100; "linters," 100; need of cotton-picking machine, 197-98 Coxe, Tench, _Statement of Arts and Manufactures_, cited, 86 Curry, Dr.J.L.M., 27, 169-70 Daughters of the Confederacy, 210 Debt, _see_ Finance Delaware as Southern State, 5; Grange in, 32; school fund (1796), 157-58 (note); foreign born in, 194; surplus of wheat (1917), 199; Catholics in, 214; churches, 214 Democratic party, at end of Reconstruction period, 9; called Conservative party, 11-12; and political consolidation, 12; Farmers' Alliance and, 36; Georgia convention (1890), 37; controlling influence of, 38; Populist party and, 42-43, 47, 201; nature of, 201; split in Arkansas, 231 Disciples' Church, 216 (note) Durham (N.C.), tobacco industry in, 103 Education, Blair Bill, 27; in South Carolina, 42; Populist attitude toward, 46; negro schools, 57; agricultural colleges and experiment stations, 75; county demonstrators, 75-77, 184; boys' and girls' clubs, 76, 78-81; General Education Board, 76-77, 183-84, 186, 189; college students, 83; mills aid schools, 119; progress, 157 et seq.; country schools, 164; academies, 164-65, 171; colleges, 165-66, 187; graded schools, 166; taxation for, 170, 172, 185, 186; opposition to public schools, 171-172; normal schools, 172; better buildings, 172; small districts, 173; length of school term, 173, 184; funds for negro, 182-83; secondary schools, 186; preparation for college, 188; bibliography, 240-41; _see also_ Negroes Education, Bureau of, _Report on Negro Education_, 174, 178 Elections, intimidation of negroes, 18-19; frauds, 19-20; North threatens Federal control, 21; (1896), 44; (1900), 45-46; primaries, 47, 199; "Force Bill" (1890), 48 Episcopal Church, 215 Farm Loan Act, 84 Farmers' Alliance, 30, 33 Farmers' Union of Louisiana, 34 Fiction on the South, bibliography of, 241-42 Field, Marshall, and Company own mills in North Carolina, 95 Finance, problem in South, 22; repudiation of state debts, 22, 227-33; economies of new state governments, 24-25; platform of National Alliance and Knights of Labor on, 34; subtreasury plan, 34-35; merchants as bankers, 61-65; crop lien, 62-63; Farm Loan Act, 84; see also Tariff, Taxation Fisk University, 179 Fleming, W.L., _The Sequel of Appomattox_, cited, 2 (note),27 (note); _Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama_, cited, 227 (note) Florida, end of carpetbag rule in, 9; mines, 102; cigar industry, 104; bonds as part of Peabody Fund, 167; migration to, 194; debt, 227 Freedmen's Aid Societies, schools for negroes opened by, 173 Freedmen's Bureau, 27 French in Louisiana, 6 Friends, Society of, influence in South, 16 Garland, A.H., of Arkansas, 28 General Education Board, 76-77, 183-84, 186, 189 Georgia, Democratic convention (1890), 37; Populist party (1892), 42; cotton mills, 88, 97; knitting industry, 98; cottonseed oil industry, 100; fertilizer industry, 100; lynchings in, 155; school fund (1817), 158 (note); imports, 195; Catholics in, 214; repudiation of debt, 229 Girls' canning clubs, 80 Gordon, J.B., 13, 37 Grady, H.W., uses expression "New South," 7-8; editor of Atlanta Constitution, 223 Grange movement, 29, 31-33 Great War, negroes in knitting mills during, 126; migration of negroes to North during, 132-33; negro women in Red Cross work, 149; and capital in South, 196; South and, 201; and nationalism, 210-11 Greenback movement, 25, 29-30 Hamilton, J.G.de R., Reconstruction in North Carolina, cited, 228 (note) Hampton, Wade, 13, 41 Hampton Institute, 174, 177, 178 Hookworm disease, 73-74 Howard University, 179 Hughes, C.E., North Carolina vote for (1916), 57 Industries, vegetable growing, 84; industrial development, 86 _et seq_.; textile, 88-98, 106-21, 126-27; manufacture of cottonseed products, 99-100; fertilizers, 100; lumbering, 100, 123-24; iron, 101; wood, 101; steel, 101-102; mining, 102; tobacco, 102-04, 124-26; roller mills, 104; close to raw material, 194-95; see also Agriculture, Cotton.
Jeanes, Anna T., 183 Jeanes Fund, 183, 184 Kelley, O.H., 31 Kellogg, W.P., Governor of Louisiana, 229 Kentucky, as Southern State, 5; Grange in, 38; mines, 102; bituminous coal, 102; tobacco industry, 103; free from lynchings, 155; school fund, 158 (note); Catholics in, 214; Disciples in, 216 (note) Knapp, Bradford, son of S.A., 78 Knapp, Dr.S.A., 76-77, 78 Knights of Labor, meeting at St.Louis (1889), 34 Kolb, R.F., 37-38 Labor, conditions in South, 106 _et seq_.; native, 106, 194; negro, 106-07, 126-27; in textile industry, 106-21; state restrictions, 118; in furniture factories, 122-23; in lumber mills, 123-24; contract, 123-24; tobacco manufacture, 124-26; organization of, 127-28; recent problem, 197; see also Child labor Lamar, L.Q.C., of Missouri, 28, 29 Land, demand for restriction to settlers, 34; tenant system, 60 _et seq_., 219; different plans of landholding, 65-69; relation between landlord and tenant, 70; white tenancy, 79; tilled by owners, 74-75; cultivation, 81; food crops, 81-82 Liquor traffic, made State monopoly, 41-42; problem after Reconstruction, 57-59; see also Prohibition Louisiana, negro majority in, 10; Farmers' Union of, 34; election (1892), 42; election (1896), 44; "grandfather clause" in constitution, 51-52; lumbering, 100; mines, 102; tobacco industry, 103; cigar industry, 104; lynchings in, 155; mixed schools, 160-61; Catholics in, 214; churches, 214; repudiation of debt, 229-30 Lumbering, 100, 123-24 Lutheran Church, 216 (note) Mahone, General William, 232 Manufactures, _see_ Industries Maryland, as Southern State, 5; Grange in, 32; fertilizer industry, 100; manufactures, 104; free from lynchings, 154-55; school fund (1813), 158 (note); foreign born in, 193; surplus of wheat (1917), 199; Catholics in, 214; churches, 214 Massachusetts leads in cotton products, 98 Meharry Medical College, 179 Methodist Church, 214, 215-216 Mills, R.Q., of Texas, 29 Mining, 102 Minnesota, manufactures, 104-05 Mississippi, negro majority in, 10; new constitution (1890), 49; suffrage, 49-50; lumbering, 100; lynchings in, 155; school fund, 158 (note); mixed schools in, 160--61; bonds as part of Peabody Fund, 167; industrialism, 193; foreign born in, 193-194; Catholics in, 214; debt, 227 Missouri, not included in South, 5; Grange in, 32; election (1896), 44; tobacco industry, 103; woman suffrage, 202 Missouri Compromise and sectionalism, 16 Morrison, W.R., 29 Mountaineers.

14-16 Nashville (Tenn.), Peabody Normal College, 169; Me-harry Medical College, 179; Vanderbilt University, 188 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, _Thirty Years of Lynching_ (1919), 154 (note) National Farmers' Alliance and Cooperative Union of America, 34 Negroes, suffrage, 2, 18-19, 21,45, 48, 49, 50-55, 202-03; distribution of, 10; in mountain counties, 15; support Federal officials, 17; sent to Congress, 20; relation of races, 22, 129 _et seq_.; fear of domination wanes, 30; not admitted to Grange, 32; politics in North Carolina, 45; segregation, 57; use of drugs, 59; as share tenants, 67; opportunity for, 71; in furniture factories, 122; in tobacco factories, 124-25; in textile industry, 126-27; personal characteristics, 126-127,135; occupations, 127, 133-37; unorganized, 127-128; increase in numbers, 130-32; migration to North, 132-33, 156,197; farm owners, 134; illiteracy, 137-139, 166; treatment in North, 139-40; treatment in South, 140 _et seq_.; "old-time negro," 142-43; "new negro," 142, 143-44; educated, 144-47; and Great War, 149; mulattoes, 150; and lower classes of whites, 150-51; lynchings, 151-55; plans for solution of problem, 155-156; problem in South Africa, 156; education, 160-63, 164, 171-72, 173-84; criminals and dependents, 204-05, 220-223; bibliography, 238-40 New England, mill machinery from, 90; mills build Southern branches, 92; Southern wages compared with, 110-111 New Orleans, Exposition (1884), 89; tobacco industry, 103 New York, election frauds, 20 Newspapers, 223-24 North, negroes in, 139; migration of negroes to, 132-33,156, 197; treatment of negroes in, 139-40 North Carolina, Friends in, 16; negroes sent to Congress from, 20: gives up local self-government, 21; Populist party, 42; revolt from Democratic party, 43; election( 1896), 44; election( 1900), 45; fusion government, 45; suffrage, 52-54; Republican opposition in, 56-57; textile products (1810),86; first cotton mill (1810),88; Marshall Field and Company owns mills in, 95; cotton mills, 97; knitting industry, 98; lumbering, 100; furniture manufacture, 101; minerals, 102; tobacco production, 103; Republican party, 122; free from lynchings, 155; school fund, 158-159; public schools, 163,184-185; school term, 173; negro education, 179-81; school expenditures, 179-81; foreign born in, 193-94; chairmanship of committees in 65th Congress, 200 (note); Catholics in, 214; school libraries, 224; repudiation of debt, 227-29 North Carolina, University of, 168 Ocala (Fla.), Alliance convention, 34 Oklahoma, as Southern State, 5-6; disfranchising amendment, 55-56; mines, 102; disproportionate number of lynchings in, 155; migration to, 194; surplus of wheat (1917), 199; woman suffrage, 202; Catholics in, 214 Page, Thomas Nelson, and "typical Southerner," 203 Patrons of Husbandry, _see_ Grange movement Peabody, George, 167 Peabody Fund, 167 Peabody Normal College, 169 People's party, 36; _see also_ Populist party Phelps Stokes, Caroline, 183 Phelps Stokes Fund, 183 Philadelphia election frauds, 20 Plantations, system discontinued, 60; in the Old South, 87 Politics, consolidation of South, 10-12; Confederate soldiers in, 13; _see also_ names of parties Pope, General John, prediction as to negro development, 130 Populist party in South, 42 _et seq._; _see also_ People's party Presbyterian Church, 214, 215 Prices, decline, 25, 31; of cotton, 35; Populist party and rising, 46; Southern credit system and, 72; rise of, 84; (1890-1900), 107 Pritchard, J.C., 43, 45 Prohibition, South and, 58, 202; _see also_ Liquor traffic Quakers, _see_ Friends, Society of Railroads, government ownership, 34 Ransom, M.T., 13, 43 Readjusters, political party in Virginia, 231-32 Reconstruction, 2-4; end of, 9; Union element makes possible, 17; debt, 22-23; and schools, 157, 159-61; bibliography, 235 Red Cross, 149, 211 Religion, 213 _et seq_.
Republican party, and end of Reconstruction, 9; called Radical party, 11; and mountaineers, 16; Quakers and, 16; Union element in South, 16-17; organization discontinued, 21; failures, 26; success (1893-95), 43 Richmond (Va.), tobacco industry, 103, 104 Riddleberger, H.H., 231-32 Roads, 107 Rockefeller Foundation, researches, 73-74 Roosevelt, Theodore, Mississippi vote (1912), 50 Rosenwald, Julius, and negro education, 183 St.Louis, session of National Alliance at (1889), 34; tobacco industry, 103 Scalawags, Confederate soldiers against, 12 Scotch-Irish in South, 6; and Presbyterianism, 215 Scott, W.A., The Repudiation of State Debts, cited, 227 (note) Sears, Barnas, General Agent of Peabody Fund, 167-68 Secession, past issue, 192 Sewall, Arthur, candidate for Vice-President, 44 Silver, free coinage, 43-44 Slater, John F., Fund, 182-83 Slavery among mountaineers, 15 Smith, F.Hopkinson, and "typical Southerner," 203 Social conditions, 82-83, 203 _et seq_.; in mill towns, 119-21 Sons of Veterans, 210 South, New as distinguished from Old, 1-8; geographical limits, 5-6; beginning of New, 10; political consolidation, 10-12; character of people, 11; Republicanism in, 13 _et seq_.; mountaineers, 14-16; election frauds, 19-20; debt, 22-24; and agrarian revolt, 26; participation in national affairs, 28; Grange in, 31-33; social conditions, 82-83, 119-21, 203 _et seq_.; Socialist vote in, 128; growing sense of responsibility for negro, 148; education, 157 _et seq_.; of today, 191 _et seq_.; population, 193-94; present political condition, 199-203; jails and almshouses, 204-05; orphanages, 205-06; juvenile delinquents, 206; democracy, 206-07; hospitality, 207; amusements, 208, 217; power of public opinion, 212-13; churches, 213-17; crimes, 220-21; leaders, 223; newspapers, 223-24; books and libraries, 224-25; contrasts in, 226; bibliography, 235-42 South Carolina, inhabitants, 6; negro majority, 10; "eight box law," 19; negroes sent to Congress from, 20; political revolt, 39; representation in Senate, 41; suffrage amendments, 50-51; boys' corn club, 79; cotton mills, 97; Blease in, 122; school fund, 158 (note); mixed schools, 160-61; foreign born in, 193-94; Catholics in, 214; repudiation of debt, 229 Stokes, _see_ Phelps Stokes Stone, A.H., on Mississippi negro, 71-72 Suffrage, _see_ Negroes, Women Supreme Court, Oklahoma disfranchisement amendment, declared unconstitutional, 55-56, 203; Bailey vs.