578 and 581.] [Footnote 251: The point of Russell's Declaration was made very early in the London press.

Thus the _Saturday Review_.

June 8, 1861, commenting on the report that America was ready to adhere to the Declaration of Paris, stated that this could have no effect on the present war but would be welcomed for its application after this war was over.] [Footnote 252: In the general American argument before the Geneva Arbitration Court it was stated that the practical effect of British diplomacy in this connection was that "Great Britain was thus to gain the benefit to its neutral commerce of the recognition of the second and third articles, the rebel privateers and cruisers were to be protected and their devastation legalized, while the United States were to be deprived of a dangerous weapon of assault upon Great Britain." Cited in Nicolay and Hay, _Lincoln_, IV, p.

280.] [Footnote 253: Henry Adams, _Historical Essays_, pp.

237-279.] [Footnote 254: _Ibid._, p.