August 12 the superintendent of the formal foundation, Cordoba, had all the surveying accomplished, part of an irrigating canal dug, and temporary houses partially erected.

In August, after the viceroy had seen the estimated cost of the establishment, further progress was arrested by want of funds.

Before the end of the century everybody concerned had come to the conclusion that the villa of Brancifort was a great blunder,--the "settlers are a scandal to the country by their immorality.

They detest their exile, and render no service." In the meantime the Mission authorities protested vigorously against the new settlement.

It was located on the pasture grounds of the Indians; the laws allowed the Missions a league in every direction, and trouble would surely result.