The government stopped the payment of his salary; and, perceiving that there could be no peace so long as the Jesuits were permitted to remain in the country, their expulsion was resolved on, and carried into effect.

At the close of 1872 his Holiness delivered an allocution, in which he touched on the "persecution of the Church in the German Empire," and asserted that the Church alone has a right to fix the limits between its domain and that of the state--a dangerous and inadmissible principle, since under the term morals the Church comprises all the relations of men to each other, and asserts that whatever does not assist her oppresses her.

Hereupon, a few days subsequently (January 9, 1873), four laws were brought forward by the government: 1.

Regulating the means by which a person might sever his connection with the Church; 2.

Restricting the Church in the exercise of ecclesiastical punishments; 3.