Similarly, Lieutenant Wissmann also crossed Africa twice, between 1881 and 1887, in the interests of the Congo State, though he ultimately became an official of his native country, Germany.

Captain Lugard had investigated the region between the three Lakes Nyanza, and secured it for Great Britain.
In South Africa British claims were successfully and successively advanced to Bechuana-land, Mashona-land, and Matabele-land, and, under the leadership of Mr.Cecil Rhodes, a railway and telegraph were rapidly pushed forward towards the north.

Owing to the enterprise of Mr.( now Sir H.H.) Johnstone, the British possessions were in 1891 pushed up as far as Nyassa-land.

By that date, as we have seen, various treaties with Germany and Portugal had definitely fixed the contour lines of the different possessions of the three countries in South Africa.

By 1891 the interior of Africa, which had up to 1880 been practically a blank, could be mapped out almost with as much accuracy as, at any rate, South America.