Eric the Red colonises Greenland.
_cir._1000.Lyef, son of Eric the Red, discovers Newfoundland (Helluland), Nova Scotia (Markland), and the mainland of North America (Vinland).
1111.

Earliest use of the water-compass by Chinese.
1154.

Edrisi, geographer to King Roger of Sicily, produces his geography.
1159-73.

Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela visited the Persian Gulf; reported on India.
_cir._1180.The compass first mentioned by Alexander Neckam.
1255.

William Ruysbroek (Rubruquis), a Fleming, visits Karakorum.
1260-71.