[The Life of Napoleon I (Volumes, 1 and 2) by John Holland Rose]@TWC D-Link book
The Life of Napoleon I (Volumes, 1 and 2)

CHAPTER XVI
16/18

His words proved it.

With sure touch he sketched the characteristics of the French and Swiss people.
Switzerland needed the local freedom imparted by her cantons: while France required unity, Switzerland needed federalism: the French rejected this last as damaging their power and glory; but the Swiss did not ask for glory; they needed "political tranquillity and obscurity": moreover, a simple pastoral people must have extensive local rights, which formed their chief distraction from the monotony of life: democracy was a necessity for the forest cantons; but let not the aristocrats of the towns fear that a wider franchise would end their influence, for a people dependent on pastoral pursuits would always cling to great families rather than to electoral assemblies: let these be elected on a fairly wide basis.

Then again, what ready wit flashed forth in his retort to a deputy who objected to the Bernese Oberland forming part of the Canton of Berne: "Where do you take your cattle and your cheese ?"--"To Berne."-- "Whence do you get your grain, cloth, and iron ?"--"From Berne."-- "Very well: 'To Berne, from Berne'-- you consequently belong to Berne." The reply is a good instance of that canny materialism which he so victoriously opposed to feudal chaos and monarchical ineptitude.
Indeed, in matters great as well as small his genius pierced to the heart of a problem: he saw that the democratic unionists had failed from the rigidity of their centralization, while the federals had given offence by insufficiently recognizing the new passion for social equality.[228] He now prepared to federalize Switzerland on a moderately democratic basis; for a policy of balance, he himself being at the middle of the see-saw, was obviously required by good sense as well as by self-interest.

Witness his words to Roederer on this subject: "While satisfying the generality, I cause the patricians to tremble.
In giving to these last the appearance of power, I oblige them to take refuge at my side in order to find protection.

I let the people threaten the aristocrats, so that these may have need of me.


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