Curtains and salients are alike built of crude brick, with beams bedded horizontally in the mass.

The outer face is in two parts, the lower division being nearly vertical, and the upper one inclined at an angle of about seventy degrees, which made scaling very difficult, if not impossible.

The whole of the ground enclosed by the wall of circuit was filled in to nearly the level of the ramparts (fig.

36).

Externally, the covering wall of stone was separated from the body of the fortress by a dry ditch, some 100 to 130 feet in width.