38 .-- The town-walls of Dapuer.] [Illustration: Fig.

39 .-- City of Kadesh, Ramesseum.] [Illustration: Fig.

40 .-- Plan of the pavilion of Medinet Habu.] [Illustration: Fig.

41 .-- Elevation of pavilion, Medinet Habu.] New methods of fortification were revealed to the Egyptians in the course of the great Asiatic wars undertaken by the Pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty.

The nomadic tribes of Syria erected small forts in which they took refuge when threatened with invasion (fig.