Herds of cows fed in pastures, each the property of a community, and each with a cluster of stables in the centre.

The daughters[34] of the house were the dairy-maids; the food was chiefly the products of the dairy and the flesh of the cattle.

The cow was, however, the most important animal, and gave its name to many plants, and even to the clouds and stars, in which men saw heavenly herds passing over the firmament above them.
But the Aryans were not an exclusively pastoral people; they certainly had barley, and perhaps other cereals, before their dispersion.

They possessed the plough, the mill for grinding grain; they had hatchet,[35] hammer, auger.

The Aryans were acquainted with several metals, among which were gold, silver, copper, tin.