I therefore command all the princes to put an end to their dissensions and each one to content himself with the possessions and the power he now has." Russia thus ceased to be even nominally a monarchy, unless we regard the Khan of Tartary as its sovereign.

It was a conglomeration of principalities, ruled by princes, with irresponsible power, but all paying tribute to a foreign despot, and obliged to obey his will whenever he saw fit to make that will known.

Still there continued incessant tempests of civil war, violent but of brief duration, to which the khan paid no attention, he deeming it beneath his dignity to inter meddle with such petty conflicts.
Andre died on the 27th July, 1304, execrated by his contemporaries, and he has been consigned to infamy by posterity.

As he approached the spirit land he was tortured with the dread of the scenes which he might encounter there.

His crimes had condemned thousands to death and other thousands to live-long woe.