They fly to arms and are supported by the Bishop.

The Count has to retire to the open country, where he strengthens himself in his castle.[2] Then the Bishop remains victor in the town, and forms a government of rich and noble burghers, who control with him the fortunes of the new-born state.

At this crisis we begin to hear for the first time a word that has been much misunderstood.

The _Popolo_ appears upon the scene.

Interpreting the past by the present, and importing the connotation gained by the word _people_ in the revolutions of the last two centuries, students are apt to assume that the Popolo of the Italian burghs included the whole population.