The two brothers reigned with such wonderful harmony, that no indications can be seen of separate administrations.

They renounced all claim to the imperial throne, notwithstanding the efforts of the pope to the contrary, and thus secured friendship with the Emperor Louis.

There were now three prominent families dominant in Germany.

Around these great families, who had gradually, by marriage and military encroachments, attained their supremacy, the others of all degrees rallied as vassals, seeking protection and contributing strength.

The house of Bavaria, reigning over that powerful kingdom and in possession of the imperial throne, ranked first.