His functions in the day of battle are confined to those occupations of the mind, by which he is enabled to watch the countenance of the enemy; to observe his movements, and to see with an eagle's or a king of Prussia's eye, all the relative directions that his opponents take.

It must be his business to create alarms and suspicions among the enemy's line in one quarter, while his real intention is to act against another; to puzzle and disconcert him in his plans; to take advantage of the manifold openings which his feints have produced, and when the contest is brought to issue, to be capable of plunging with effect upon the weakest part, and carrying the sword of death where its blow is certain of being mortal.

But to accomplish these important and indispensable points, his judgment must be clear, his mind collected, his heart firm, and his eyes incapable of being diverted, even for a moment, by the trifling occurrences of the day." The _administrative service_ of an army is usually divided into several distinct departments, as-- Pay department.
Subsistence " Clothing " Medical "} } These in our service are united.
Hospital " Barrack "}These in our service are combined Fuel "}in one, called the Quartermaster's Transportation "}department Recruiting " Military Justice, or Court Martial department.
It was intended to enter into the history, organization, and use of each of these civico-military departments of an army; but our limits are such as to preclude any thing like so detailed a discussion as would be necessary for a proper understanding of the subject.

We therefore pass from the staff directly to the _line_ or rather the four principal arms of an army organization.[30] [Footnote 30: Of works that treat directly of staff organization and duties, those of Grimoard, Thiebault, Boutourlin, Labaume, are esteemed among the best.

The writings of Jomini, Napoleon, Rocquancourt, Vauchelle, Odier, Scharnhorst, also contain much valuable information on this subject.