This promise was almost immediately violated.] [Footnote 6: Sir Lionel Sackville-West was British Minister to the United States from 1881 to 1888.

In the latter year a letter was published which he had written to an American citizen of British origin, the gist of which was that the reelection of President Cleveland would be of advantage to British interests.

For this gross interference in American domestic affairs, President Cleveland immediately handed Sir Lionel his passports.

The incident ended his diplomatic career.] [Footnote 7: In this passage the Ambassador touches on one of the bitterest controversies of the war.

In order completely to understand the issues involved and to obtain Lord Haldane's view, the reader should consult the very valuable book recently published by Lord Haldane: "Before the War." Chapter II tells the story of Lord Haldane's visit to the Kaiser, and succeeding chapters give the reasons why the creation of a huge British army in preparation for the war was not a simple matter.] [Footnote 8: The italics are Page's.] [Footnote 9: Viscount Bryce, author of "The American Commonwealth" and British Ambassador to the United States, 1907-1913.] [Footnote 10: In a communication sent February 10, 1915, President Wilson warned the German Government that he would hold it to a "strict accountability" for the loss of American lives by illegal submarine attack.] [Footnote 11: A reference to the Anglo-French loan for $500,000,000, placed in the United States in the autumn of 1915.] [Footnote 12: The Marquis Imperiali.] [Footnote 13: Rustem Bey, the Turkish Ambassador to the United States, was sent home early in the war, for publishing indiscreet newspaper and magazine articles.].