Edward was driven to take up arms, but a revolt in Wales deferred the expedition to the following year.

No sooner however was it again taken in hand than it became clear that a double danger had to be met.

The summons which Edward addressed to the Scotch barons to follow him in arms to Guienne was disregarded.

It was in truth, as we have seen, a breach of customary law, and was probably meant to force Scotland into an open declaration of its connexion with France.

A second summons was followed by a more formal refusal.