To endeavour to determine the degree of certainty attaching to a problematic judgment is not, however, beyond the reach of Induction, by analysing circumstantial evidence, or by collecting statistics with regard to it.

Thus, instead of 'The cobra's bite is _probably_ fatal,' we might find that it is fatal 80 times in 100.

Then, if we know that of those who go to India 3 in 1000 are bitten, we can calculate what the chances are that any one going to India will die of a cobra's bite (chap.

xx.).
Sec.6.Verbal and Real Propositions .-- Another important division of propositions turns upon the relation of the predicate to the subject in respect of their connotations.

We saw, when discussing Relative Terms, that the connotation of one term often implies that of another; sometimes reciprocally, like 'master' and 'slave'; or by inclusion, like species and genus; or by exclusion, like contraries and contradictories.
When terms so related appear as subject and predicate of the same proposition, the result is often tautology--e.g., _The master has authority over his slave; A horse is an animal; Red is not blue; British is not foreign_.