The Almagest of Ptolemy was translated into Latin at his instance, being introduced to the Western world through this curious channel.

At this time it became quite usual for the Italian and Spanish scholars to understand Arabic although they were totally ignorant of Greek.
In the field of physical science one of the most important of the Arabian scientists was Alhazen.

His work, published about the year 1100 A.D., had great celebrity throughout the mediaeval period.

The original investigations of Alhazen had to do largely with optics.

He made particular studies of the eye itself, and the names given by him to various parts of the eye, as the vitreous humor, the cornea, and the retina, are still retained by anatomists.