The Swiss still remained without the pale, and Luther's hatred of them grew with the years.

Shortly before his death he wrote that he would testify before the judgment-seat of God his loathing for the sacramentarians.

He became more and more conservative, bringing back to the sacrament some of the medieval superstitions he had once expelled.

He began again to call it an offering and a sacrifice and again had it elevated in church for the adoration of the faithful.

He wavered on this point, because, as he said, he doubted whether it were more his duty to "spite" the papists or the sacramentarians.