Henceforth the Netherlands could not be wholly subdued.
Requesens summoned the States General and offered a pardon to all who would submit.

But the people saw in this only a sign of weakness.

A flood of pamphlets calling to arms replied to the advances of the government.

Among the pamphleteers the ablest was Philip van Marnix, [Sidenote: Marnix, 1538-98] a Calvinist who turned his powers of satire against Spain and the Catholic {264} church.

William of Orange, now a Protestant, living at Delft, inspired the whole movement.