The martyr was now declared to be a rebel who had fled from the realm.
[Sidenote: 1536] The definition of doctrine, coupled with negotiations with the Schmalkaldic princes, continued briskly.

The project for an alliance came to nothing, for John Frederic of Saxony wrote that God would not allow them to have communication with Henry.

Two embassies to England engaged in assiduous, but fruitless, theological discussion.

Henry himself, with the aid of Cuthbert Tunstall, drew up a long statement "against {306} the opinions of the Germans on the sacrament in both kinds, private masses, and sacerdotal marriage." The reactionary tendency of the English is seen in the _Institution of the Christian Man_, [Sidenote: Definitions of Faith] published with royal authority, and still more in the Act of the Six Articles.

[Sidenote: 1537] In the former the four sacraments previously discarded are again "found." [Sidenote: 1539] In the latter, transubstantiation is affirmed, the doctrine of communion in both kinds branded as heresy, the marriage of priests declared void, vows of chastity are made perpetually binding, private masses and auricular confessions are sanctioned.