The Roman seminary, opened two years later, [Sidenote: 1565] was a model for subsequent foundations.
SECTION 4.

THE COMPANY OF JESUS If the Counter-reformation was in part a pure reaction to medievalism it was in part also a religious revival.

If this was stimulated by the Protestant {397} example, it was also the outcome of the rising tide of Catholic pietism in the fifteenth century.

Still more was it the answer to a demand on the part of the church for an instrument with which to combat the dangers of heresy and to conquer spiritually the new worlds of heathenism.
Great crises in the church have frequently produced new revivals of monasticism.

From Benedict to Bernard, from Bernard to Francis and Dominic, from the friars to the Jesuits, there is an evolution in the adaptation of the monastic life to the needs of Latin Christianity.
Several new orders, [Sidenote: New monastic orders] all with more or less in common, started in the first half of the sixteenth century.