The population of the largest town, Antwerp, in 1526 was 88,000, in 1550 about 110,000.

At the same time it is remarkable that in 1521 Ghent impressed Duerer as the greatest city he had seen in the Low Countries.

For the whole territory of the Netherlands, including Holland and Belgium, and a little more on the borders, the population was in 1560 about 3,000,000.
This is the same figure as that given for 1567 by Lewis Guicciardini.
Later in the century the country suffered by war and emigration.
[Sidenote: Germany] The lack of a unified government, and the great diversity of conditions, makes the population of Germany more difficult to estimate.
Brandenburg, having in 1535 an area of 10,000 square miles, and a population between 300,000 and 400,000, has been aptly compared for size and numbers to the present state of Vermont.

Bavaria had in 1554 a population of 434,000; in 1596 of 468,000.

Wuerzburg had in 1538 only 12,000; Hamburg in 1521 12,000 and in 1594 19,000.